##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.sidebar##

Submitted
Apr 14, 2024
Published
May 31, 2024
Download
pdf
Statistic
Read Counter : 38 Download : 0

Main Article Content

Abstract

Introduction: Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disease characterized by edema, hypoalbumin, hyperlipidemia, and massive proteinuria. The prevalence in children ranges from 2-7 cases per 100,000 children under 18 years of age and most experience relapse. The prognosis for nephrotic syndrome in which it relapses will increase the risk of other complications.


Case report: A 4-year-old boy was diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome characterized by anasarca edema, hypoalbumin, hypercholesterolemia, and massive proteinuria. The patient was included in the relapsed nephrotic syndrome category because he had previously been diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome and had experienced remission. Currently, the therapy that has been given consists of bed rest, fluid restriction, administration of the diuretic furosemide and administration of the oral steroid prednisone again. In addition, the patient experienced anemia due to complications from nephrotic syndrome and a PRC transfusion was planned.


Discussion: Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disease that often occurs in children. The prevalence is 15 times more common in children than adults. As many as 60-70% will experience a relapse. Relapsing nephrotic syndrome requires longer duration of corticosteroid therapy. Anemia is one of the complications in relapsing nephrotic syndrome.

Article Details

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

References

[1.] Wiguna PDW, Sudhana W. Seorang Penderita Sindrom Nefrotik Relaps dengan Gambaran Histologi Minimal Change Disease (MCD) yang Diduga Mengalami Evolusi Menjadi Focal Segmented Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Udayana. 2019 Mar 15;3(1):18–21.
[2.] Elizabeth R. Laporan Kasus : Sindrom Nefrotik Kasus Baru Pada Anak Usia 2 Tahun. Jurnal Agromed Unila. 2015;2(3):217–21.
[3.] Mansur AR, Marmi. Memahami Sindrom Nefrotik Anak : Dari Patologi Hingga Manajemen. 1st ed. Tolhah I, editor. Purbalingga: CV. Eureka Media Aksara; 2023.
[4.] Manalu E. Sindrom Nefrotik Resisten Steroid. Jurnal Ilmiah WIDYA. 2019;5(3):1–8.
[5.] IDAI. Konsensus Tatalaksana Sindrom Nefrotik Idiopatik Pada Anak Edisi Kedua. Vol. 2. 2012. 1–22 p.
[6.] Umboh V, Tandiawan L, Umboh A. Luaran Pada Anak-Anak Dengan Sindroma Nefrotik Sensitif Steroid Di RSUP. Jurnal Kedokteran Klinik. 2019;3(2):1–7.
[7.] Amalia TQ. Tinjauan Pustaka : Aspek Klinis, Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Sindroma Nefrotik pada Anak. Jurnal Kedokteran Nanggroe Medika. 2018;1(2):81–8.
[8.] Tapia C, Bashir K. StatPearls Publishing. 2023. Nephrotic Syndrome.
[9.] Sudung O, Pardede. Tata Laksana Non Imunosupresan Sindrom Nefrotik Pada Anak. Sari Pediatri. 2017 Aug 22;19(1):53.
[10.] Lorember F, Aviles D. Anemia in Nephrotic Syndrome : Approach to Evaluation and Treatment . Journal Pediatric Nephrology. 2017;32:1323–30.
[11.] Lane JC. Medscape Medical News. 2020. Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome.
[12.] Vivarelli M, Massella L, Ruggiero B, Emma F. Minimal Change Disease. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 2017;12(2):332–45.
[13.] Tapia C, Bashir K. StatPearls Publishing . 2023. Nephrotic Syndrome.
[14.] Albar H, Bilondatu F, Daud D. Risk Factors for Relapse in Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome. Paediatr Indones. 2018 Oct 4;58(5):238–41.
[15.] Qira Amalia T, Kunci K. Aspek Klinis, Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Sindroma Nefrotik pada Anak TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ABSTRAK. Vol. 1, Ked. N. Med |. 2018.
[16.] Nilawati G. Profil Sindrom Nefrotik pada Ruang Perawatan Anak RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Sari Pediatri. 2012;14(4):269–72.
[17.] Leonardo Suwontopo M, Umboh A, Wilar R. Analisis Hubungan Angka Kejadian, Gambaran Klinik Dan Laboratorium Anak Dengan Sindrom Nefrotik Resisten Steroid Di RSUP. Jurnal Kedokteran Klinik [Internet]. 2020;4(1):6–14. Available from: https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/jkk/issue/archive
[18.] Tjiptaningrum A, Aulia D. Gambaran Laboratorium pada Sindroma Nefrotik. Jurnal Kedokteran Unila. 2019;3(2):290–5.
[19.] Kinasih RP. Nephrotic Syndrome in 2 Years Old Child. Jurnal Agromed Unila. 2014;1(3):217–21.
[20.] Trihono PP, Fahlevi R, Kinesya E, Hidayati EL, Puspitasari HA, Pardede SO. Sindrom Nefrotik Idiopatik Sensitif Steroid pada Anak: Telaah Perbandingan Panduan Klinis. Sari Pediatri. 2023;25(4):231–42.
[21.] Wigati R, Laksmi E. Alternatif Terapi Inisial Sindrom Nefrotik untuk Menurunkan Kejadian Relaps. Sari Pediatri. 2010;11(6):415–9.
[22.] Hilmanto D, Mawardi F, Lestari AS, Widiasta A. Disease-Associated Systemic Complications in Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome: A Systematic Review. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis. 2022;15:53–62.
[23.] Pamela DDA, Nurmala I, Sekar Ayu R. Faktor Risiko dan Pencegahan Anemia Pada Wanita Usia Subur di Berbagai Negara. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2022;18(3).